Interrogating, Integrating, and Advancing Theory in Monitoring and Evaluation

Abstract

This paper questions the colonial and neoliberal underpinnings of mainstream Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) theory and proposes a radical decolonizing move to enhance the field, in terms of its relevance and ethical nature. It critically analyzes four key theoretical constructs of postcolonial theory, Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS), the transformative paradigm, and the political economy of evaluation. They are used to dismantle the ontological, epistemological and axiological assumptions that sustain epistemic injustice in the practice of evaluation. By critically assessing the conflicts between these opposing views, especially when it comes to the structural power and cultural sovereignty and the scientific and indigenous evidence, the paper pinpoints the necessity of a more comprehensive theoretical approach. As a reaction to this, it develops the Critical Relational Evaluation (CRE) framework as its own original contribution. CRE suggests three pillars of a transformative ontology of epistemic justice, axiological commitment to relational responsibility, and methodological orientation to participatory sense-making. It is concluded in the paper that implementation of this framework requires fundamental redefining of terms such as ‘rigor’, the restructuring the role of the evaluator as a facilitator as opposed to expert, and a systematic change relating to funding and professional standards. This novel theoretical development offers a consistent route of changing M&E from an instrument of external accountability to the practice of solidarity which encourages community self-determination and equitable social change.